Cruising Equipment

After you’ve met the mandatory safety equipment requirements, how you choose to equip your yacht is down to you. Some people enjoy a low-tech, off-the-grid life with no sat coms, no fridge or freezer and no autopilot; others will consider these to be the bare minimum for a comfortable life. 

The big-ticket cruising gear, such as specialist downwind sails, watermakers, or windvane steering, may be an easier investment for a circumnavigation or long-term liveaboard. For a year's Atlantic circuit, it is perfectly possible to have a great time with a well-found boat - save your budget for experiences.

Sails

Sails drive the boat and are probably the most important element onboard. Old sails will quickly tear in day after day of trade wind sailing, so at least get the sails checked and repaired, or invest in a new main.

Trade wind sailing is mostly downwind, so to make a reasonable passage time, the boat should have an effective downwind sail plan. 

  • Parasailors and spinnakers are popular but not essential, although well worth considering for a circumnavigation.
  • Twin foresails or main sail and foresail wing-on-wing are popular options.
  • Boats with swept back spreaders or a small self-tacking foresail are at a disadvantage, and you may need to experiment with sails to find a comfortable cruising speed downwind.
  • A spinnaker pole on a mast-mounted track is vital for poling out the foresail.

Power Management

Many cruisers like to have an autopilot, run a watermaker, use galley gadgets like breadmakers and freezers, download movies on Starlink and more, alongside the usual boating needs of chartplotters, radio and navigation lights. All of this requires power, so a thorough power audit is vital.

Calculate the gap between your power consumption and battery storage capacity. Running the engine for long periods just to charge the batteries is noisy and hot and not particularly efficient. Generators are better, but can be problematic. Hydro generators are ideal on a long crossing, but don’t generate when you’re anchored, whereas wind generators work best in the breezy anchorages of the Caribbean rather than under way. Solar bridges the gap but isn’t the whole solution.

The power generation option that suits your needs will depend on your boat type, the space available for a generator or expanse of solar panels, your power needs, and your long-term plans. Someone planning a year away is probably more willing to accept compromises than someone planning a circumnavigation or long term liveaboard. 

Steering

Steering in trade wind waves can be fun, but many sailors will turn to the autopilot or windvane steering to save their arms.

Modern autopilots are great, but it’s important to ensure that the model is suitable for prolonged use and is properly installed and tested. An autopilot working hard can draw a lot of power and even burn out – carrying spares that are easily fitted at sea is a good idea.

For longer-term sailors, a windvane steering system like a Hydrovane is a good investment. These don’t require electricity; rather, keeping the boat on a steady wind angle using a vane installed on the transom. The Hydrovane has a separate rudder to steer the boat, which also provides an effective emergency steering solution.

However you choose to steer, check the sails are set properly to avoid overloading the steering system and rig.